Seebeck Effect

The Seebeck Effect describes a thermoelectric phenomenon by which temperature differences between two dissimilar metals in a circuit converts into an electric current

The Seebeck effect is the conversion of temperature differences directly into electricity and is named after the Baltic German physicist

 In 1821, discovered that a compass needle would be deflected by a closed loop formed by two different metals joined in two places, with a temperature difference between the junctions. This was because the metals responded to the temperature difference in different ways, creating a current loop and a magnetic field. Seebeck did not recognize there was an electric current involved, so he called the phenomenon the thermomagnetic effect. Danish physicist Hans Christian Orsted rectified the mistake and coined the term

"thermoelectricity"

The Seebeck effect is a classic example of an electromotive force (emf) and leads to measurable currents or voltages in the same way as any other emf

This means

When the two different electrical conductors or semiconductors are kept at different temperatures, the system results in the creation of electrical potential